This chapter covers the boot options available. Normally, the device boots from the Integrated Boot Device (IBD). You need to use this chapter only for maintenance or diagnostic operations or for software upgrades.
The boot options allow you to boot the 2210 using the following
methods:
Table 13. Description of Boot Methods
| Boot Method | Description |
|---|---|
| IBD | Boot from the IBD using queries. Use this method when the 2210 is configured for a different boot method and you want to boot the 2210 from the IBD instead. |
| TFTP Host Server | Boot from a load image file on a TFTP host server. Another router can act as a TFTP host server. |
| BOOTP | Boot over the LAN port using the Bootstrap Protocol. |
Additional options available at the boot monitor prompt let you run diagnostics, display configuration information, load configuration memory from a host on the network or through the Service port, clear configuration in SRAM, and download and upload router code through the Service port.
Included in this chapter are the following sections:
Before booting the 2210, note the following:
| Note: | To stop a 2210 boot, press Ctrl-C on the terminal keyboard. |
An example of an IBD boot using a console terminal appears at the end of this procedure. Use this boot method when you have a load image stored in the IBD.
Bootstrap Monitor V1.0
(c) Copyright IBM Corp. 1994, 1997
PROM Load/Dump Program * Revision: 1.0 * Copyright IBM Corp. 1994, 1997 IBD has load(s) load image names Device Slot Number or IBD Load Name:
Loading using IBD Load Image "ibmMRNS.ldc"
BOOTP tries to boot over all of the installed interfaces using all possible hardware configurations starting with the card that passes its self-test first. This generally occurs in the order Ethernet, and then token ring. For additional information about BOOTP, refer to "The Boot CONFIG Process".
A BOOTP boot is successful when the console displays the following information:
PROM Load/Dump Program * Revision: 1.0 *
Copyright IBM Corp. 1994, 1997
BOOTP Using interface name at (CSR address, vector address)
Trying connector
Doing BOOTP
Trying host IP address
file name
loading
Copyright IBM Corp. 1994, 1997
Config Only Mode - Switch Selected
*
The * indicates that the load image has finished loading.
A BOOTP boot fails under the following conditions:
PROM Load/Dump Program * Revision: 1.0 * Copyright IBM Corp. 1994, 1997 BOOTP Using interface at (CSR address, vector address) Trying connector Doing BOOTP BOOTP timeout Auto BOOTP failed
The console then displays the prompts to perform a manual boot. Table 15 describes these prompts.
PROM Load/Dump Program * Revision: 1.0 * Copyright IBM Corp. 1994, 1997 BOOTP Using interface at (CSR address, vector address) Trying connector Doing BOOTP BOOTP got reply but server sent no filename Manual BOOTP failed - Enter @ at prompt BOOTP again
Enter @ to retry BOOTP. If the retry fails, use another method to boot the 2210.
You can use a load image file on a TFTP host server to boot the 2210. Another router can act as a TFTP host server. An example of a TFTP boot is shown below.
PROM Load/Dump Program * Revision: 1.0 *
Copyright IBM Corp. 1994, 1997
Device Types available:
IBD
Token Ring
WAN
Table 14 lists the boot options available. Detailed descriptions of the boot process and system prompts follow the table.
| Option | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| B | Boot using stored Configuration | Boots automatically using the configuration stored in TFTP or in the IBD. |
| BC | Boot to Config-only Mode using console queries | Displays prompts to manually boot the 2210 and then enters Config-only mode, allowing you to begin configuring the 2210. |
| BM | Boot using Console Queries | Displays prompts to manually boot the 2210. Table 15 describes these prompts. |
| BN | Boot, but do not run, using console queries | Used by field personnel for debugging. Boots and returns to the Bootstrap Monitor, but does not start the load. |
| BP | Boot using BOOTP | Displays the prompts to boot using the Bootstrap Protocol. |
| D | Dump using stored Configuration | This feature is not currently available on the 2210 |
| DIAG | Initiate IBM extended diagnostics | Starts the internal tests. When internal tests are complete, you have the option of continuing with the System Extended Checkout (Internal and External Tests), the WAN/LAN Wrap Menu, or Diagnostic Utilities. You can exit and reboot at any time. |
| DM | Dump using Console Queries | This feature is not currently available on the 2210. |
| UB | Display boot Configuration | Displays the static RAM TFTP bootstrap configuration. |
| UC | Display Hardware Configuration | Displays the information on the hardware configuration including device types, baud rate, memory sizes, base MAC address, part numbers, serial numbers, and revision levels. |
| UG | Go and Execute at Address in RAM | This option is used by field service personnel. |
| LC | Load Configuration Memory | Loads configuration memory from a host on the network. |
| CC | Clear Configuration Memory | Clears the configuration in SRAM. |
| ZB | ZModem Boot | Downloads and uploads router code through the service port. |
| ZC | ZModem Configuration Memory Load | Loads configuration memory through the service port. |
The following section explains each of the boot options in detail.
Table 15 describes the prompts that appear when you boot the
2210. These prompts vary depending on your hardware configuration and
the software loaded on the 2210.
| Prompt | Description | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Device Type | The device type over which to boot the 2210; either the IBD, the Token-ring, or Ethernet interface. | ||
| IBD Loadname | The IBD loadname, which can include up to 79 characters, digits, and symbols and is case-sensitive. For initial installations, enter the filename in the Release Notes (file README.NTS that is on the backup software diskettes.) | ||
| Interface IP Address | The IP address of the 2210 interface over which you are booting. | ||
| IP Mask | A hexadecimal value that separates the IP network addresses from the other IP address fields. All bits that are part of the network and subnet should be 1. | ||
| Boot From Host | IP address of the host from which you are booting. | ||
| Via gateway | If the host from which you are booting is on another (sub)network, there is an intermediate router. Enter the IP address of the intermediate router. | ||
| Load Image Name | For initial installations, enter the load image name noted in the in the Release Notes (file README.NTS that is on the backup software diskettes.) | ||
| Boot File Name | Full pathname of where the load image file resides on the host server. For example, /usr/local/ibm2210.ldc (UNIX example). | ||
| Ethernet Prompts | |||
| Connector Type (AUI/RJ45) | Enter one of the following to specify the cable type connected to this
port:
| ||
| Token Ring Prompts | |||
| Speed (4/16)Mb | Enter 4 or 16 to represent the token ring media
transfer rate in Mbps (megabits per second).
| ||
| Media (UTP/STP) | Enter one of the following to specify the cable type connected to this
interface:
| ||
| WAN Prompts | |||
| WAN port | WAN port over which you are booting the 2210, either 1 or 2. | ||
| Timeout (secs) | How long, in seconds, the interface tries to boot over the network. The timeout must be greater than 5. | ||
| Clock Source (INT/EXT) | To connect to a:
| ||
| Internal Clock Speed | This prompt appears only if you enter INT as the Clock Source. The range is 1 to 10 000 000. | ||
| Cable Type (X21/Other) | Enter X21 to connect an X.21 cable to this port. Enter other to connect any other cable type to this port. | ||
Boots the router automatically using the configuration stored in configuration memory. This option causes the router to boot from the IBD unless the configuration is stored on a TFTP host.
Boots the 2210 and immediately enters Config-only mode. The following examples show how to boot the 2210 over the IBD and over the Token-Ring, Ethernet, and WAN interfaces. User entries are shown in bold. To accept the defaults shown in brackets, press Enter.
| Note: | In the sample interface dialog shown below, the device's interface type appears as either Token Ring or Ethernet in the Device Types listing and at the Device Type prompt. |
Enter bc at the boot prompt (>). The software prompts you for the following router information:
Device Types available:
IBD
Token Ring/Ethernet
WAN
Device Type [WAN]: IBD
IBD has load(s) loadname
IBD Load Name: loadname
To reload the current configuration, press Enter.
Loading using IBD Load Image "load name"
If you specify an incorrect or non-existent load name, the system issues the message: No such load and returns you to the IBD Load Name prompt.
Media (UTP/STP) [UTP]:
Speed (4/16)Mb [16Mb]:
Interface IP address: 123.175.23.119
IP Mask (FFFFFF00):
Boot from host: 123.175.68.190
Via gateway: 123.175.23.213
Boot file name: ibmMRNS.ldc
Using Token Ring at (6000000, 0).
Trying host 123.175.68.190 via 123.175.23.213
file ibmMRNS.ldc
.loading
..................................
Starting at 1040010
The Standalone Configuration Process. You are here because
the watchdog timer timed out and/or Autoboot not selected.
Config (only)>
If there is no Token-Ring link active, you receive the following message:
lobe media test failed: function failure
Connector Type (AUI/RJ45)[AUTO_CONFIG]:
Interface IP Address: 123.175.56.119
IP Mask (FFFFFF00):
Boot from host: 123.175.68.213
Via Gateway: 123.175.56.190
Boot File Name: ibmMRNS.ldc
Using Ethernet at (6000000, 0)
Trying host 123.175.68.213 via 123.175.56.190
file ibmMRNS.ldc
.loading
..................................
Starting at 1040010
The Standalone Configuration Process. You are here because
the watchdog timer timed out and/or Autoboot not selected.
Config (only)>
If there is no CTS signal active on the WAN port that you specify, you will receive the following message: CTS not active on WAN port #
| Note: | The PPP protocol is currently the only data link layer protocol that can be used when booting over a WAN interface. |
Boots using console queries. The following examples show how to boot the 2210 over the IBD and over the Token Ring, Ethernet, and WAN interfaces. User entries are shown in bold. To accept the defaults shown in brackets, press Enter.
You can also use this option to boot from a load image file on a TFTP host server.
| Note: | In the sample interface dialog that follows, the interface type specific to the 2210 appears as either Token Ring or Ethernet in the Devices Types listing and at the Device Type prompt. |
Enter bm at the boot prompt (>). The software prompts you for the following router information:
Device Types available:
IBD
Token Ring/Ethernet
WAN
Device Type [Token Ring/Ethernet]: IBD
IBD has load(s) load image name
IBD Load Name: load image name
To reload the current configuration, press Enter. To load another configuration, enter the load name at the prompt.
Loading using IBD Load Image "load name"
If you specify an incorrect or nonexistent load name, the system issues the following message: No such load and returns you to the IBD Load Name prompt.
| Note: | If the host you specify is not directly accessible by the router, the software will prompt you to enter the IP address of the gateway. This prompt is shown below in parentheses. |
Media (UTP/STP) [UTP]:
Speed (4/16)Mb [16Mb]:
Interface IP address: 123.175.56.119
IP Mask (FFFFFF00):
Boot from host: 123.175.68.213
Via Gateway: 123.175.56.190
Boot File Name: ibmMRNS.ldc
Using Token Ring at (6000000, 0).
Interface configured for 16Mbps & UTP
Trying host 123.175.68.213 via 123.175.56.190
file ibmMRNS.ldc
loading
....................................................
Starting at 1040000
Copyright Notices:
Copyright IBM Corp. 1994, 1997
MOS Operator Console
For help using the Command Line Interface, press ESCAPE, then '?'
*
Connector Type (AUI/RJ45)[AUTO_CONFIG]:
Interface IP Address: 123.175.56.119
IP Mask (FFFFFF00):
Boot from host: 123.175.68.213
Via Gateway: 123.175.56.190
Boot File Name: ibmMRNS.ldc
Using Ethernet at (6000000, 0)
Trying host 123.175.68.213 via 123.175.56.190
file ibmMRNS.ldc
.loading
..................................
Starting at 1040000
Copyright Notices:
Copyright IBM Corp. 1994, 1997
MOS Operator Console
For help using the Command Line Interface, press ESCAPE, then '?'
*
If there is no CTS signal active on the WAN port that you specify, you will receive the following message: CTS not active on WAN port #
| Note: | The PPP protocol is currently the only data link layer protocol that can be used when booting over a WAN interface. |
Do not use this boot option. This option is used by field service personnel only.
Boots using the Bootstrap Protocol. The following example shows how to boot the 2210. User entries are shown in bold. To accept the defaults shown in brackets, press Enter.
| Note: | In the following sample interface dialog, the device's interface type appears as either Token-Ring or Ethernet in the Device Types listing and at the Device Type prompt. |
Enter bp at the boot prompt (>). The software prompts you for the following router information:
Device Types available:
Token Ring/Ethernet
Device type (for BOOTP) [Token Ring]:
Media (UTP/STP) [UTP]:
Speed (4/16)Mb [16Mb]:
BOOTP Using Token Ring at (6000000, 0).
Doing BOOTP o
Interface configured for 16Mbps & UTP
Trying host 123.175.68.213 via 123.175.56.190
file load image name
.loading
....................................................
Copyright Notices:
Copyright IBM Corp. 1994, 1997
MOS Operator Control
*
Connector Type (AUI/RJ45)[AUTO_CONFIG]: BootP Using Ethernet at (6000000, 0) Doing BootP o o o o Trying host 123.175.68.213 via 123.175.56.190 file load image name .loading ................... Copyright Notices: Copyright IBM Corp. 1994, 1997 MOS Operator Control *
A BOOTP boot is successful when the terminal displays the OPCON (*) prompt.
A BOOTP boot fails if the server is down, if the server cannot find the file you specified, or if TFTP fails. If BOOTP is unsuccessful, the terminal displays the message
Manual BOOTP failed - enter "@" at prompt to BOOTP again.
Enter @ to retry BOOTP. If the retry fails, use another method to boot the 2210.
Writes the contents of system memory to a file when a system failure occurs. If the unique naming capability is enabled, the router automatically appends a character string to the dump filename. Using this command prevents an existing dump file from being overwritten by subsequent dumps. For information about how to enable unique naming, refer to page ***.
Enter d at the boot prompt (>). The screen displays the following information:
PROM Load/Dump Program * Revision 1.0 Copyright IBM Corp. 1994, 1997 Host 325.321.62.763 loading Using Token Ring/Ethernet (00000, 0) Trying host 235.211.62.243 via 123.192.23.243 file load image name loading Starting at 1040000
If the dump fails, you will receive a Dump failed message with a brief explanation of the cause of the failure.
Initiates internal self-test. When internal self-test is complete, you can select any of the extended diagnostics utilities provided. To run any of the extended diagnostics tests, you need the extended diagnostics Service Kit, feature code 2532. The kit includes all the necessary wrap plugs for the LAN, serial, and service ports.
Starting at 1FF00
Starting Hardware Diagnostics
Version: XXXXXX XXXXXX
Testing System Internal
System Checkout: All Systems Pass
Press space to continue.....
If you try to execute one of these tests without the wrap plugs installed, you receive the following message:
You have selected a test that requires external wrap plugs to be present. Remove the cable(s) from the network, and attach the appropriate wrap plug(s).
Diagnostic Main Menu (c) 1994 1) System Checkout (Internal Tests) 2) System Extended Checkout (Internal and External Tests) 3) WAN/LAN Wrap Menu 4) Diagnostic Utilities x) Exit (and Reboot)
Displays prompts to manually configure the network dump information.
Enter dm at the boot prompt (>).
The screen displays the following information:
PROM Load/Dump Program * Revision 1.0 Copyright IBM Corp. 1994, 1997 Host ??? loading Using Token Ring/Ethernet (00000, 0) Trying host 0.0.0.0 via 0.0.0.0 file load image name loading Starting at 1040000
If the dump fails, you will receive a Dump failed message with a brief explanation of the cause of the failure.
Displays the static RAM TFTP bootstrap configuration including:
If you have created dump files, UB also displays the dump file name and IP address of the host on which the dump files reside and the IP address of the intermediate gateway, if applicable.
To display this information: Enter ub at the boot prompt (>). The screen displays information similar to the example shown below.
TFTP bootstrap configuration:
Host ibmMRNSV1 - .191, Dumping disabled, Unique dump naming off
Interface Addresses:
1: 128.196.145.191 on port 0 (Token Ring/Ethernet), mask FFFFF00
Boot Files
1: ibmMRNS.ldc on 123.175.68.213 via 123.175.56.190 for 20 secs
2: r15.1.ldc on 123.175.68.213 via 123.175.56.190 for 20 secs
3: ibmMRNS-univ.ldc on 123.175.68.213 via 123.175.56.190 for 20 secs
Dump Files:
1: "gw/ibmMRNS.dmp" on 123.175.68.213 via 123.175.56.190 for 20 secs
>
Displays the following information:
| Note: | Each 2210 is programmed at the factory with a Base MAC address in Ethernet order. If you have a Token-Ring unit, the 2210 converts the address to Token-Ring order. However, the uc command displays the address in Ethernet order. |
Enter uc at the boot prompt (>). The screen displays information similar to the following:
Boot device types available:
IBD
Token Ring
WAN
Console Baud Rate: 9600 (Autobaud)
Main Memory size: 8 MB
IBD (flash Memory) size: 4 MB
Base MAC Address: 000093808068
System Part Number 04H7063
System Serial Number 55554000008
System EC Level D50514
System Card Part Number 13H7771
System Card Serial Number 110653
System EC Level C99200B
This option is used only by your service representative.
Loads configuration memory from a host on the network. To use this option, do the following:
Enter lc at the boot prompt (>). The screen displays information similar to the following:
Device Types available:
IBD
Token Ring/Ethernet
WAN
Device type [Token Ring]:
Media (UTP/STP) [UTP]:
Speed (4/16)Mb [16Mb]:
Interface IP address: 123.175.56.119
IP Mask (FFFFFF00):
Load Cfg from host: 123.175.68.213
Via gateway: 123.175.56.190
Config File Name: ibmMRNS.cfg
Using Token Ring at (6000000, 0).
Trying host 123.175.68.213 via 123.175.56.190
file ibmMRNS.cfg
.loading
Receiving config memory image
....................................................
Starting at 1040000
Copyright Notices:
Copyright IBM Corp. 1994, 1997
MOS Operator Control
*
Connector Type (AUI/RJ45)[AUTO_CONFIG]:
Interface IP address: 123.175.56.119
IP mask (FFFFFF00):
Load Cfg from host: 123.175.68.219
Via gateway: 123.175.56.190
Config file name: ibmMRNS.cfg
Using Ethernet at (6000000, 0).
Trying host 123.175.68.219 via 123.175.56.190
file ibmMRNS.cfg
.loading
Receiving config memory image
..................................
Starting at 1040000
Copyright Notices:
Copyright IBM Corp. 1994, 1997
MOS Operator Control
*
WAN port [2]:
Timeout (secs) [20] ?
Clock Source (INT/EXT) [INT]:
Internal Clock Speed 1
Interface IP address: 123.175.56.119
IP mask [FFFFFF00]:
Load Cfg from host: 123.175.68.219
Via gateway: 123.175.56.190
Config file name: ibmMRNS.cfg
Using Serial Line at ( 0, 0).
Trying host 123.175.68.219 via 123.175.56.190
file ibmMRNS.cfg
.loading
Receiving config memory image
..................................
Starting at 1040000
Copyright Notices:
Copyright IBM Corp. 1994, 1997
MOS Operator Control
*
Attention: Issuing this command will cause all configuration information to be lost.
This command clears the configuration in memory. Enter cc at the boot prompt (>). The software prompts you for basic router information as follows:
Are you sure you want to clear config memory?
Downloads and uploads router code through the console port.
Are you sure you want to load via the console?
Okay, GO!!
| Note: | Refer to the documentation supplied with your ZModem software for the ZModem commands to use at your console terminal. |
Loads configuration memory through the console port.
| Note: | This option requires that the remote boot server support ZModem software. |
Are you sure you want to load config memory via the console?
Okay, GO!!
| Note: | Refer to the documentation supplied with your ZModem software for the ZModem commands to use at your console terminal. |
After the 2210 has booted, you can configure it. The sections that follow briefly describe the configuration processes available when using an ASCII terminal.
| Note: | You can also use the IBM Nways Multiprotocol Routing Services Configuration Program (Configuration Program), to configure the 2210. The Configuration Program is run on a stand-alone workstation and has a graphical user interface. Once pre-configuration or Quick Configuration has taken place, you can use the Configuration Program to configure the 2210 completely. |
Begin the configuration process as follows:
Pid Name Status TTY Comments 1 COpCN1 RDY TTY0 2 Monitr DET -- 3 Tasker RDY -- 4 MOSDDT DET -- 5 CGWCon DET -- 6 Config DET -- 7 ROpCN1 IDL TTY1 128.185.133.2 8 ROpCN2 RDY TTY2 128.185.134.50
* talk 6
Press Return. This displays the following information:
Gateway user configuration Config>
Enter qc at the Config> prompt to begin the Quick Configuration process.
To configure the protocols using the CONFIG process, refer to the specific protocol chapters in the Protocol Configuration and Monitoring Reference . To configure other parameters including the interfaces and boot records, refer to the appropriate configuration chapters in this book.